Academy of Technical and
Art Applied Studies Belgrade

Adjustment of Calculus Course code: RAIZ | 6 ECTS credits

Basic information
Level of Studies: Undergraduate applied studies
Year of Study: 2
Semester: 4
Requirements: Fulfillment of the minimum pre-examination requirements in the course Applied geodesy 1.
Goal: Acquisition of a mathematical model of parameter estimation and conditional adjustment and their practical application in processing the results of geodetic measurements. Consideration of free geodetic networks and evaluation of measurement uncertainty of measurement results and correction of some values in applied geodesy, state surveying and cadaster.
Outcome: Students receive theoretical and practical knowledge for solving problems that arise in state surveying practice, real estate cadaster and applied geodesy.
Contents of the course
Theoretical instruction:
  1. Introduction to adjustment, the principle of least squares, linear and non-linear functions in a model
  2. Parameter estimation, introductory remarks. Weights and cofactors, matrices of weights and cofactors. Examples.
  3. Parameter estimationof 1D networks, equations of corrections. Example.
  4. Parameter estimation of 2D networks, equations of corrections for the measured lengths. Example. Parameter estimationof 2D networks equations of corrections for oriented directions. Example. Parameter estimationof2D networks of equation for corrections for the observed directions. Example. Parameter estimationof 2D networks of equation for corrections of measured angles. Example. Procedure for parameter estimation.
  5. Adjustment of units and weights in adjustment. Examples.
  6. 3D Parameter estimation, introductory remarks, the topic is not compulsory. Basics of 3D parameter estimation equations for corrections for slope corrections, forhorizontal direction and vertical angle. Example, the topic is not mandatory.
  7. Conditional adjustment introductory remarks.
  8. 1D network of conditional equation. Example. 2D network, conditional equations triangle, polygon conditional equation, conditional equations of polygon. Example. 2D network, sine conditional equation, linear conditional equation. Examples. Procedure of conditional adjustment. Examples.
  9. Double measurements, standard deviation based on the difference di, measurement results of equal and unequal accuracy.
  10. Application of t- test.
  11. Uncertainty of measurement results and indirect measurements.
Practical instruction (Problem solving sessions/Lab work/Practical training):
  1. Independent completion of assignments during exercise classes.
Textbooks and References
Number of active classes (weekly)
Lectures: 2
Practical classes: 2
Other types of classes: 0
Grading (maximum number of points: 100)
Pre-exam obligations
Points
activities during lectures
15
activities on practial excersises
0
seminary work
0
colloquium
35
Final exam
Points
Written exam
50
Oral exam
0